Eintrag

Titel

Genitiv- und von-Attribute: Bestimmung des Variationsbereichs

Personen

Kristin Kopf

Jahr

2021

Typ

Aufsatz

Verlag

Heidelberg University Publishing

Ort

Heidelberg

Seiten

135 - 172

In

Determination, syntaktische Funktionen der Nominalphrase und Attribution

Schlagwörter

Genitiv
Kasus
Nominalgruppe
Präpositionalgruppe
Wortstellung

Abstract

Dieses Kapitel untersucht das Verhältnis von Genitivattributen und Präpositionalattributen mit von im Deutschen datenbasiert. Im Zentrum steht dabei die Frage danach, unter welchen Bedingungen die beiden Konstruktionen miteinander variieren können. Neben funktionaler Äquivalenz, die z. B. bei von-Attributen mit starker lokativischer oder ablativischer Semantik nicht gegeben ist, stellt dabei auch das Vorhandensein flektierender Elemente in der Attributsphase eine wichtige Voraussetzung dar. Similar to English, German shows variation in nominal modifiers, which can be realized by a noun phrase in the genitive case (die Sehenswürdigkeiten Hamburgs) as well as by a prepositional phrase with von ‘of, from’ (die Sehenswürdigkeiten von Hamburg ‘the sights of Hamburg’), here referred to as genitive alternation. There is, however, also a great number of cases that look structurally similar, but in which only one of the two constructions can be used. The present chapter aims to identify those cases in order to exclude them from follow-up studies on the genitive alternation. Non-alternating use of one of the two structures can be due to either formal or semantic properties: If the genitive cannot be expressed overtly (e. g. because the modifier phrase does not contain a case-bearing element as in Einsatz von Gewalt ‘use of force’), the prepositional phrase is the only option. Looking at the semantic relation of head noun and modifier, groups of modifiers that show no alternation have been proposed in the literature (e. g. the genitivus definitivus), albeit mostly based on introspection, focusing on a handful of prototypical examples. Thus, what has been missing up to now is an empirical grounding of potential semantic restrictions and, to a lesser extent, of the (already well-described) formal restrictions. We seek to close this gap by looking at approximately 15,000 constructions extracted from the KoGra corpus (newspapers) and the DECOW16B corpus (internet forums). While most of the formal restrictions hold, the proposed semantic restrictions have to be re-evaluated: We find only one major group of modifiers where the prepositional phrase is used invariably due to semantic properties of von and none where semantics can account for invariable use of the genitive: What has been perceived as semantic restrictions can be described more adequately as structure-based analogies.

https://grammis.ids-mannheim.de/bdg/106090